I am currently building a commuter bike based on a road bike frame. I have planned to recycle for the drivetrain some MTB components, namely the 11 speeds cassette (11-42) and the rear derailleur (XTR 11 speeds).
My question is regarding the front chainring. I’m currently using a Ultegra 50-34 crankset paired with a 11-34 cassette which is perfect.
I don’t know which chainring would be adequate for a 1-by configuration: a 48 teeth would be to much?
Armand - I built up a "gravel" bike off my old Rockhopper. I run a Microshift 1x10 with an 11-48 cassette and a 45T front chainring. I find that the combo gives me great range for climbing and for speed. but mine was built to ride more gravel pathways and tow-path type roads.....State park pathways, rails-to-trails type shit. I think I could easily use a 48T in my case, but I've been super pleased with the gearing as it is now.
Using the 11-42 you have and running a 48 front in your case doesn't seem out of scope at all, especially with the goal of commuting.
Use the bike gear calculator to get an idea. You know what you have right now and you think it's perfect. Plug that into the calculator and get a shot of the ratios. Then plug in the new cassette and mix in ideas for your chainring to get the ratio range that suits your riding preference. https://www.bikecalc.com/gear_ratios